ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ СТІЙКОГО СТАНУ І СТАЛОГО РОЗВИТКУ РЕАКЦІЙ ФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ СПЕЦІАЛЬНОЇ ПРАЦЕЗДАТНОСТІ ВЕСЛУВАЛЬНИКІВ НА КАНОЕ

Анотація

Introduction. Despite the availability of a wide range of indicators, particularly VO₂max, V̇Emax, and
VCO₂max, which influence the overall assessment of athletes’ functional capabilities,
physiological and ergometric characteristics that determine the level of significance,
typical features, and normative requirements for defining a stable state are insufficiently
represented in specialized literature. Understanding physiological and ergometric
factors that influence the formation of a stable state, as well as their normative (model)
parameters, facilitates the search for new ways to improve functional fitness, directly
informing the guidelines for the special training of canoe rowers.
The aim of the study is to determine the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of a stable state
and experimentally prove the feasibility of their targeted application in the system of
special physical training of qualified canoe rowers.
Material and methods. The study involved qualified male athletes specializing in academic rowing
(n=30), aged 26.1±1.7 years, with open weight categories. Methods: analysis of classical
and modern literature, physiological research methods, and ergometry.
Results. The stable state during a 1000 m competitive canoe distance has the following quantitative
and qualitative characteristics (X̅±S, CV%): W VO₂max – 162.2±9.8 watts, 6.0%;
VO₂max ST – 5.4±0.2 l•min⁻¹, 3.7%; QO₂ ST – 32.5±1.3 units, 6.0%; QCO₂ ST – 32.1±1.6
units, 5.0%. The conditions for maintaining a stable state when reaching the “fatigue
threshold” correspond to the following ergometric and physiological indicators of
special work capacity (X̅±S, CV%): W VO₂ max – 183.1±17.9 watts, 9.8%; VO₂max ST –
5.4±0.8 l•min⁻¹, 14.8%; QO₂ ST – 31.5±1.3 units, 5.9%; QCO₂ ST – 32.6±1.8 units,
4.0%.Generalized characteristics indicate the effectiveness of the structure “stable state
– fatigue threshold – fatigue compensation.” The efficiency of anaerobic reserve
realization (power/capacity) (X̅±S, CV%): La test 30 – 9.3±0.3 mmol•l⁻¹, 3.2%; La test CP
– 15.0±1.9 mmol•l⁻¹, 12.7%. An increase in respiratory compensation for metabolic
acidosis of pulmonary ventilation in response to increased CO₂ is accompanied by a 1.5%
increase in the QCO₂ ST/QCO₂ CP ratio and a 2.4% decrease in the QO₂ ST/QO₂ CP ratio.
Conclusions. Functional stability is a physiological state that arises and accompanies athletes during
intense training and competition. A stable state is a structural component of the
interconnected elements of functional support for canoeists' special work capacity,
including rapid kinetics, stable state, and fatigue compensation.